Sucker rod pumping is achieved through a sucker rod pumping system consisting primarily of three components: the beam pumping unit, sucker rods, and downhole pump. Specifically, the pumping unit drives the sucker rods, which in turn actuate the reciprocating motion of the pump plunger to lift the well fluids to the surface.
The beam pumping unit, colloquially known as the "nodding donkey," is a mechanical device used for oil production. It is the primary lifting equipment in the sucker rod pumping system. Based on the presence or absence of a walking beam, it can be classified as either conventional units with a walking beam or encounter weighted units without a walking beam.
I. Operating Principle
In a conventional beam pumping unit, the prime mover (typically an electric motor, diesel engine, or natural gas engine) transmits high-speed rotational motion through a belt drive to the gear reducer. After two-stage speed reduction through the three-axis gearbox, the crank-and-connecting rod mechanism converts the rotational motion into the oscillating up-and-down movement of the walking beam. The horsehead attached to the walking beam, via the polished rod and sucker rods, imparts reciprocating motion to the pump plunger, thereby lifting the well fluids to the surface.
II. Components :
A conventional beam pumping unit consists of four main components:
1. Walking Beam Assembly: Horsehead, walking beam, sampson post, pitmans, counterweights (for counterbalanced units)
2. Structural Components: Central bearings, work platform, guards, operator's stand, skids.
3. Gearbox Assembly: Crank case, gear housing, gear reducer, crankshaft, counterweights, brakes.
4. Power Components: Motor base, prime mover, electrical controls.
III. How should the oil pumping unit be checked after it is started?
The inspection method is: "listen, look, and touch".
◆Listen: Listen to whether the rotation sound of each part of the pumping unit is normal, and whether there are any knocking or hanging sounds.
◆Look: Look at the connecting parts of the pumping unit. In particular, check whether the crank pin and balance weight are loose or dislodged, whether the reduction box is leaking oil, whether the back pressure and casing pressure are normal, whether oil is flowing out of the wellhead, whether the square clamp is loose, whether the rope suspension is twisted, and whether the three-phase current Is it balanced?
◆Touch: Touch the motor casing with the back of your hand to see if the temperature is too high and whether the packing box and polished rod are hot.
If you are looking for a competitive, high-quality, and fast-delivery oilfield pumping unit in stock, or if you want to learn more about beam pumping, please feel free to contact VIGOR at info@vigorpetroleum.com to send your inquiry.
