A Christmas Tree is an assembly of valves, spools, and fittings used for an oil well, gas well, water injection well, water disposal well, gas injection well, condensate well, and other types of wells. It is named for its resemblance to a decorated tree at Christmas.
Many times, the words Christmas Tree and Wellhead are used interchangeably; however, a wellhead and Christmas tree are entirely separate pieces of equipment. A wellhead must be present in order to utilize a Christmas tree and is used without a Christmas tree during drilling operations. Producing surface wells that require pumps (pump jacks, nodding donkeys, etc.) frequently do not utilize any tree due to no pressure containment requirement.
On producing wells, injection of chemicals or alcohols or oil distillates to prevent and or solve production problems (such as blockages) may be used. A tree may also be used to control the injection of gas or water injection application on a producing or non-producing well in order to sustain economic "production" volumes of gas from other well(s) in the area (field). The control system attached to the tree controls the downhole safety valve ( scssv , dhsv , sssv ) while the tree acts as an attachment and conduit means of the control system to the downhole safety valve.
So what tools are the common Well Head and X-Mass Tree composed of?
The following information about the Well Head and X- Mass Tree in one of Vigor's bidding documents (For reference)
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WELL HEAD AND X- MASS TREE (10K) |
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BRADEN HEAD |
20 ¾ " 3M FLANGED TOP × 20" SLIP AND LOCK (WELDLESS) BRADEN HEAD ASSY. WITH TWO 2" LP FEMALE THREADED SIDE OUTLETS, TWO SEAL AND ONE TEST PORT, ADEQUATE QUANTITY OF P-SEALS, ALLEN WRENCH AND ONE SET SPARE SEAL. API SPEC. 6A LATEST EDITION, MATERIAL CLASS 'BB', TEMPERATURE LEVEL 'U', PSL-3. |
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SLIP & SEAL ASSY. |
20" NOMINAL SIZE SLIP AND SEAL ASSY. MATCHING WITH ITEM NO. 1 FOR 13 3/8" CASING. API SPEC. 6A LATEST EDITION, MATERIAL CLASS 'BB', TEMPERATURE LEVEL 'U', PSL-3. |
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GATE VALVE |
2" LP THREADED GATE VALVE WITH HAND WHEEL, 3,000 PSI WP. WITH HAND WHEEL. API SPEC. 6A LATEST EDITION, MATERIAL CLASS 'BB', TEMPERATURE LEVEL 'U', PSL-3G, PR 2, APPENDIX 'F'. |
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NIPPLE |
2" LP NIPPLE, 6 INCH LONG, 10,000 PSI WP. |
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BULL PLUG |
2" LP BULL PLUG ½ " NPT TAPPED, 6 INCH LONG, 10,000 PSI WP. |
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BULL PLUG |
2" LP BULL PLUG 6 INCH LONG. |
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RING GASKET |
RING GASKET RX 74, STAINLESS STEEL. |
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STUD & NUT |
STUD WITH TWO NUT EACH, 2" × 15 ½ ", ZINC/ CADMIUM PLATED. |
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SPLIT UNIHEAD /COMPACT TYPE CASING AND TUBING HEAD ASSY. |
SPLIT UNIHEAD/COMPACT TYPE CASING AND TUBING HEAD ASSEMBLY CONSISTING OF LOWER SPOOL 13 ⅝" 5M FLANGED TOP × 20 ¾" 3M FLANGED BOTTOM, TWO 2 1/16 " 5M STUDDED, 1 ½" LP VR PLUG THREADED SIDE OUTLETS. TOP SPOOL 13 ⅝" 10M TOP × 13 ⅝" 5M BOTTOM 2 1/16 " 10M STUDDED, 1 ½ " LP VR PLUG THREADED SIDE OUTLETS. BOTTOM FLANGE OF BOTTOM SPOOL FITTED WITH SEAL FOR EXTENDED NECK OF 13 3/8" CASING, TOP HOUSING FOR LANDING MANDREL TYPE STANDARD HANGER AND SEAL OR EMERGENCY SLIP AND SEAL ASSEMBLY FOR 9 ⅝" CASING. TOP SPOOL BOTTOM FLANGE PREPARED FOR SECONDARY SEAL OF EXTENDED NECK OF 9 ⅝" MANDREL HANGER/ CASING, TOP HOUSING TO LAND TUBING HANGER AND SEALS, LOCK DOWN SCREWS. API SPEC. 6A LATEST EDITION, MATERIAL CLASS 'BB', TEMPERATURE LEVEL 'U', PSL-3G. |
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TUBING HANGER |
EXTENDED NECK TYPE TUBING HANGER AND SEALS, 13 5/8" 10M, MATCHING WITH UPPER HOUSING, 3 ½ " 9.2 LB/FT PREMIUM CONNECTION (CONNECTION CONFIRM DURING ORDER) TUBING BOX DOWN × BOX UP CONNECTION. 3" CAMERON TYPE 'H' BPV THREAD PROFILE AND ¼ " NPT SCSSSV CONTROL LINE PORT COMPLETE WITH SEALS. API SPEC. 6A LATEST EDITION, MATERIAL CLASS 'BB', TEMPERATURE LEVEL 'U', PSL-3G. |
Vigor's wellhead and well control equipment meet the rigorous standards set by API 6A, 16A, 16C, and 16D. Recognized for their reliability, our products have been successfully deployed in major oil fields worldwide, earning praise from our valued clientele. For inquiries regarding Vigor's production equipment or downhole tools, please don't hesitate to get in touch with us.
