In normal drilling operations, the primary well control is the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the drilling fluid in the well. This pressure can be adjusted to the specific conditions by a variation in the fluid density. Proper well planning requires the hydrostatic head of proper well planning requires the hydrostatic head of the drilling fluid to overbalance the formation pressure by a certain safety margin. In case of primary control loss resulting from a sudden increase of formation pressure or lost circulation, it becomes necessary to seat off the well by some other means to prevent an uncontrollable flow, or blowout, of formation fluids. The equipment that performs this secondary control function is the Blow Out Preventer (BOP). BOPs are mounted directly to the wellhead in combinations called the BOP stack. Such a stack will normally contain several of the two basic BOP types: ram and annular. In special situations, a third BOP type the rotating BOP can also be used in combination with ram and annular.
Sealing elements, or rams. are located in the BOP body on opposite sides of the wellbore. Opening and closing is performed with hydraulic cylinders attached to both sides of the BOP body. When open, the rams will leave an unobstructed passage through the wellbore. When closed depending on the type of ram selected, they will seal around the drill pipe, seal off the open hole, or in emergencies shear the drill pipe and seal off the hole.
The basic concept of the ram BOP has not changed in 50 years. Such improvements as automatic locks, shear rams, and load-carrying pipe rams have increased the efficiency but left the technical concept the same. Many improvements were developed as subsea drilling activity increased. The major one was the development of multi-bore or variable-bore rams, which solved the inherent problem of the ram BOP sealing on only one specific size of tubular goods. Multi rams can adapt to different sizes within a limited range e.g., between all tubulars with diameters between 3 1/2 and 5 In. Ram BOPs are still considered the main pressure-control tools in oil well drilling, primarily pressure-control tools in oilwell drilling, primarily because of their high degree of reliability.
The main feature of the annular preventer, sometimes called "universal" or "bag"-type BOP, is the capability to close and seal on almost any size tools in the bore hole drill pipe, tool joints, drill collars, casing etc. within most of its range. It also has the capability to seal off the open hole. The heart of the annular preventer is the sealing element. When the closing mechanism is actuated, hydraulic pressure is applied to the piston, causing it to move upward and force the sealing element to extend into the wellbore around the drill string. Steel segments molded into the element partially close over the rubber to prevent excessive partially close over the rubber to prevent excessive extrusion when sealing under high pressure.
Vigor's BOPs are manufactured in strict accordance with API 16A standard. Meanwhile, before delivery, Vigor's technical team will inspect the products several time. During the shipping, they will also provide customers the shipping record of the goods to ensure that you can get real-time condition about the goods. When the customer receives the goods, if there is any problem, we will continue to find a way to deal with it for you. All in all, Vigor has always been focused on product quality and customer needs. Therefore, if you want to work with us, please do not hesitate to contact us.
For more information, you can write to our mailbox:
info@vigorpetroleum.com (Erica)
mail@vigorpetroleum.com (Joppa)
