1.Horizontal Direction Drilling
Horizontal directional drilling is a trenchless method of installing pipelines underground below identified features (obstacles) without disruption to any of the identified features
2.Drill Rig
This is the major equipment of a typical horizontal directional drilling setup. It is positioned on a flat surface and may be appropriately anchored to the ground to ensure the machine stays in position during drilling and pipeline pulling operations. The rig is equipped with a power unit that drives a travel mechanism back and forth on a structural framework. Within the rig assembly is a component attached to the drill pipes, this component performs rotational motion during drilling activities.
3.Control Cabin/Room
The Cabin is placed almost immediately beside the drill rig. The drilling machine operator controls drilling activities from here. It also houses the HDD steering system and other display devices for monitoring and controlling drilling activities.
4.Drilling Mud
Drilling Mud is a mixture of natural and synthetic chemical compounds that may be oil-based or water-based. Appropriate additives are added to the drilling fluid, depending on the drilling requirements. It provides lubrication and cooling effect for the drill bit, stabilises the hole, prevents the hole from collapsing, suspends, and transport the cuttings from the drilled hole.
Drilling fluids are typically made from Bentonite, water, and other additives. The type of additive to the drilling mud is a function of the soil type. When drilling coarse or sandy soil, the drilling fluid should prevent water loss. This can be achieved by using a water/filtrate control additive such as polyanionic cellulose.
5.Mud Mixer
The Mixer is an assembly of drilling mud hopper and centrifugal pumps. They are used for bentonite mixing, which is the drilling fluid utilised for HDD drilling activities.
6.Drill Pipes
Drill pipes are essential components of horizontal directional drilling activity. They are usually furnished with threaded ends, internal threads at the rear, and external threads in front. With the aid of the threaded ends, the pipes are easily joined as the drilled length increases. The drilling machine has a rotating mechanism with external thread that connects to the drill pipe at the rear, rotates and drives the pipes into the ground.
7. Drill Bit
This is the primary boring tool attached to the drill pipes and used to drill the pilot hole. The type of soil to be drilled determines the type of drill bit, e.g., rocky soil requires special drill bits. After the pilot drill, the drill bit is removed and replaced with a reamer.
8.Reamer
Reamers are drilling tools used to widen or increase the diameter of the pilot hole to a diameter greater than the pipeline size. They are larger than the drill bit and are equipped with cutting teethes. High-pressure drilling fluid flows through ports provided on the reamer to lubricate the reamer and soften the soil.
The type of reamer selected is dependent on the soil type as well as the hole configuration desired. Below are three types of reamers commonly used:
8.1 Fly Cutter Reamer
This type of reamer has an open body with good cutting and mixing capabilities. Fly cutter reamers are mostly used for dense soil applications.
8.2 Blade Reamer
They are mostly used for good soil such as sandy soil, loamy soil, tightly packed clay etc.
8.3 Barrel Reamer
This is the most common reaming tool that can be used for various types of soil. Their body is round with tapered nose equipped with cutting teethes and fluid ports.
9.Pulling Head
The pulling head is a fabricated attachment to the pipeline that is hooked to the drill pipes during pipeline pullback. It is welded to the pipeline and cut out after pullback is complete.
As an expert in Horizontal Directional Drilling, China Vigor has rich experience in products and on-site construction to ensure that customers can get high-quality products and solutions that they can trust. Therefore, Vigor's professional technical engineer team will conduct detailed technical and product communication with our customers before sales, and provide perfect solutions according to customers' on-site needs. If you are also interested in Vigor's Horizontal Directional Drilling series products, please do not hesitate to get in touch with Vigor's team to get the most professional products and the best quality service, we are very much looking forward to communicating with you and reaching the first cooperation.
For more information, you can write to our mailbox info@vigorpetroleum.com & marketing@vigordrilling.com
