The kill manifold is a component of well pressure control equipment that connects to the BOP stack via internal kill lines for specialized operations. When the well is shut in with blind rams, it is used to forcefully pump weighted mud into the wellbore for well kill operations. In case of a blowout, water can be pumped through the kill manifold to prevent ignition. If a blowout ignites, fire-extinguishing agents can be pumped through this manifold to assist in firefighting efforts.
Types
◆By Use
They are categorized into well-testing manifolds, 65mm bore manifolds, and drilling manifolds.
◆Classification by Pressure Rating
35 MPa
70 MPa
105 MPa
◆Classification by Number of Check Valves
Single check valve
Double check valve manifolds
Structure and Operating Principle
◆Main Components
manual gate valves, check valves, cross fittings.
◆Operating Principle
The system primarily relies on manual gate valves and check valves. The manual gate valve is operated by a hand wheel that rotates the valve stem, moving the gate up or down to open or close the flow path. The check valve allows one-way flow of kill fluid into the well while preventing backflow of high-pressure wellbore fluids, thus protecting the pumping equipment.
When implementing well control techniques, if the rig's mud pumps are unavailable or unsuitable, a remotely controlled kill line with a high-pressure auxiliary pump is typically used. These kill line branches off from the main kill manifold, connecting near the BOP stack and extending to a suitable location for the auxiliary pump, which should be chosen for safety and accessibility.
Check Valve Classification and Operating Principle
The check valve is a critical component of the kill manifold. It achieves metal-to-metal sealing between the valve core and body using medium pressure. Higher pressure results in better sealing performance, and the valve chamber can withstand line pressure at all times.
Classification: By pressure rating - 35 MPa, 70 MPa, 105 MPa, and 140 MPa.
◆Operating Instructions:
① Install the valve body in the line according to the flow direction marked on the body.
② The valve core moves and seals based on upstream and downstream pressures, so it should not be locked in place.
③ This valve only allows the pumping of drilling fluid into the well and prevents backflow from the annulus.
④Check Valve Structure
The check valve consists of a body, seat, disc, guide sleeve, spring, core, O-ring, cap, bolts, and nuts.
3. Maintenance
(1) Replacing the valve core and seals.
(2) Depressurize the valve chamber, remove the cap bolts, and remove the cap.
(3) Extract the valve core and replace it with a new one. When replacing, the valve core must be lapped with the valve body sealing surface.
(4) Inspect the cap seal ring for damage and replace immediately if necessary.
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